Psychosocial Parameters as Determinants of Return to Driving among Stroke Survivors

Abstract

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide, significantly impairing physical, cognitive, and psychosocial functions. Returning to driving, a complex activity requiring motor coordination, cognition, and psychosocial stability, is an important marker of functional recovery for stroke survivors. Limited research exists on the determinants of return to driving in Africa, prompting this study in Enugu, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: This correlational survey involved 49 stroke survivors receiving physiotherapy at two major hospitals in Enugu. Participants were selected via disproportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected using the Beck’s Index for depression, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), the Stroke-Specific Quality of Life Scale (SS-QOL), Fugl-Meyer Assessment. Inferential statistics of independent t-test and chi-square were used to analyze the relationship between variables, with significance set at p<0.05.

Results: Only 10.2% of participants returned to driving post-stroke. Key determinants included significantly lower depression (p = 0.001) and anxiety scores (p = 0.006) among returners. While balance and motor function scores were higher in returners, compared to non-returners, the differences were not statistically significant. Gender and occupation had no significant association with return to driving.

Conclusion: This study revealed a low return-to-driving rate among stroke survivors in Enugu, with depression and anxiety emerging as significant barriers. Integrating psychosocial interventions in stroke rehabilitation programs could enhance functional outcomes like driving.