Burden of Malaria Infection in the Elderly Population: Insights from Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria

Abstract

Background: Malaria remains a major global health challenge, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa, where it disproportionately affects vulnerable populations. While most studies focus on children and pregnant women, the elderly are also at high risk due to weakened immune system and comorbidities. This study investigated the prevalence and associated risk factors that contribute to Malaria parasite infection among the elderly population in Benin City, Edo State, Nigeria.

Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Benin City, involving 250 participants aged 50 years and above. Blood samples were collected; Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained thick and thin blood smears was used to identify malaria parasites. This method is the primary diagnostic standard. Demographic and risk factor data were collected using structured questionnaires. Data obtained were analyzed statistically using SPSS version 27.

Results: The study found a malaria parasite prevalence rate of 27.2% among the elderly population in Benin City. Sociodemographic factors such as age, gender, education, and residential location were not significantly associated with malaria prevalence in the study population. No significant association was also observed between malaria parasite infection, clinical symptoms and associated risk factors of malaria parasite infection of the study participants.

Conclusion: Public health campaigns should focus on educating older adults especially those with limited mobility or healthcare access about malaria prevention.